Morph Options Panel

no correction

Leave mid-nodes at the positions where the morphing operations placed them.

For example, when mapping a mesh to a surface, the mid-nodes will be placed on the surface during the mapping. Selecting this option will leave them there.

force midpoint

Reposition the mid-nodes at the exact midpoint of the element edges after any morphing operation.

hold current

Reposition the mid-nodes by averaging the perturbations of the nodes at the ends of the element edge, and apply them to the mid-nodes instead of using the perturbations calculated for the mid-nodes during the morphing operation. This method will generally hold the current positions of the mid-nodes relative to the ends.

curve edge domains

Use the hold current method to determine the mid-node positions, but only for nodes on edge domains.

curve 2D domains

Use the hold current method to determine the mid-node positions, but only for nodes on edge and 2D domains.

Active morph constraints influence morphing operations, while inactive morph constraints do not. All currently active morph constraints are automatically loaded into the selector when you enter the panel. To deactivate all of the active constraints, click reset on the constraint selector.

Active symmetries will influence morphing operations while inactive symmetries will not. All currently active symmetries are automatically loaded into the selector when you enter the panel. To deactivate all of the active symmetries, click reset on the symmetry selector.

When unchecked, morphing the model behaves differently. Reflective symmetries (1-plane, 2-plane, 3-plane, and cyclical) are completely ignored, while non-reflective symmetries no longer link handles but still affect node influences. Select symlinks to reactivate them for subsequent morphs in which you need symmetry.

If unchecked, constraints will not be applied to the model while morphing.

If checked, only the active constraints will be applied during morphing. This allows you to perform some morphing options without using any constraints, and then reactivate the constraints for further morphing.

You may also choose to turn off negative jacobian checking in this panel by unchecking the check neg. jacobians checkbox. Whenever a morphing operation is performed, HyperMorph will check the model for elements with negative jacobians. If one or more elements with a negative jacobian are found, an error will be reported and HyperWorks will be paused until you click the mouse button. If you do not want this check to occur, such as if you are running a batch script, you can turn the check off.

autodecide

Calculate the lengths of all of the elements' edges to find the extreme values. If the ratio of smallest to largest is below a certain threshold, it uses the shape correcting algorithm; otherwise, it uses the size correcting algorithm.

size correcting

Moderate variations in element edge size through the mesh using a modified Laplacian over-relaxation that correctly handles mixtures of quad and tria elements.

shape correcting

Moderate variations in element aspect ratio through the mesh using a modified isoparametric-centroidal over-relaxation that correctly handles mixtures of quad and tria elements.

angle correcting

Globally minimize the average deviation of element angles from their ideal values.

QI optimized

Optimize as many facets of elements quality (size, angle, Jacobian) as you desire. If you click edit criteria it will bring up the element quality calculator which you can use to set the quality criteria used during smoothing.

Note: The QI optimized algorithm only applies to shell elements.

unsquish

Optimize the element squish value of tetra and pyramid elements, the jacobian value of penta and hexa elements, and the skew value of tria and quad elements. When using it you may choose between three options: fast, even, and best. The fast option will smooth the elements as fast as possible using a relatively low quality benchmark. The best option will smooth the elements using a relatively high quality benchmark but will take more time to solve. The even option will smooth the elements while balancing your desire for good quality elements and fast solving speed.

off

Disable auto-smoothing.

off

Do not use kriging for solving domains or morph volumes.

manual

Manually control kriging.

To begin using kriging, click start. You can then leave the options panel and morph the model by moving handles.

Note: The nodes influenced by the handles will not move while manual kriging is active.

Return to the morph options panel and click finish to apply kriging for all of the handle movements. If you are not satisfied with the results, click resume and adjust the morphing of your model. If you are satisfied and want to do more kriging, click start again and follow the same procedure as before.

Note: Kriging is not a linear algorithm and thus kriging results for the movement of two handles will not be the same as adding the results for moving one handle and then the other. Manual kriging allows you to perform all of your kriging at once if you desire, even if you need to use several operations to perturb your handles.

automatic

Perform kriging after every morph.

global domains

Use kriging to solve global domains instead of the geometric or spatial methods.

Note: A practical upper limit on the number of handles you can have in a global domain when using kriging is 3000. Computers with above average memory and CPU available may be able to support a larger number of handles comfortably.

local domains

Use kriging to solve local domains instead of the small or large domain solvers.

Note: A practical upper limit on the number of edge nodes you can have around a 2D domain or the number of face nodes you can have around a 3D domain when using kriging is 3000. Computers with above average memory and CPU available may be able to support a larger number of edge or face nodes comfortably.

morph volumes

Use kriging to solve node perturbations inside morph volumes instead of the standard method.

Note: The algorithms differ and using kriging for morph volumes does not guarantee that the nodes registered to a morph volume will stay inside that morph volume regardless of how the corner and edge nodes are perturbed.

Drift

The global trend of the interpolation.

The values of no drift, constant, linear, quadratic, and cubic give progressively more precise interpolations while trigonometric uses a unique interpolation approach.

Covariance

The local variations of the interpolation around the drift. The values h, h^2log(h), and h^3 give progressively more precise interpolations while exp(-1/x) will give an approximate interpolation.

Nugget

Control how close the interpolated surface will fit relative to the control points. If the nugget is off or set to zero, the interpolated surface will pass through all the control points. If the nugget is on and non-zero, the interpolated surface will not necessarily pass through all the control points. The larger the nugget value is the farther away the interpolated surface is allowed to be from the control points.

Manual

Only morph the large domains when you click morph in the in the large domain morphing section of the Morph Options panel.

Recommended for models with very large domains. It allows you to morph the edges of a large 2D domain, or the edges and faces of a large 3D domain rapidly, as you do not need to wait for the Large Domain Solver to run. Once you have morphed the edges and faces of your model as desired you can then run the Large Domain Solver, which may take several minutes depending on the size of your domain.

Note: The nodes inside large domains will not move until you click morph.

On release

Morph the large domains after every morphing operation. During interactive morphing the large domains will only be morphed when you release the mouse button.

This is the default setting and will handle large domains in a manner similar to smaller domains for all cases except during interactive morphing.

Real time

Perform large domain morphing after every morphing operation and during interactive morphing as well.

This provides a constant display of the morphing results, but can result in slow performance.

standard

Use the influence coefficients between handles and nodes when morphing any domain which has fewer than the number of elements to qualify it as a large domain. Morphing of the small domains will occur automatically.

kriging

Use the kriging algorithm to determine the morphing of the interior of small domains. Influence coefficients will be used to determine the morphing of the edge domains, but for the interiors of 2D, 3D and general domains the kriging solver will be used.

fea linear

Use OptiStruct to solve the small domains. The analysis type will be enforced displacements using the edges (and faces) of the morphed domain as boundaries and solving for the positions of the inner nodes.

fea non-linear

Use Radioss to solve the small domains. The analysis type will be enforced displacements using the edges (and faces) of the morphed domain as boundaries and solving for the positions of the inner nodes.

Note: Non-linear analysis will give good results for even the most extreme morphing conditions, such as when the mesh is highly distorted, but can be very time consuming to perform.

For standard or kriging methods you may set autofix squashed domains to either off, on release, or real time. When set to on release or real time, this option will automatically try to unfold any domains which get folded during morphing. When set to on release the unfolding operation will occur after each morphing operation is applied but not during interactive morphing. When set to real time the unfolding operation will occur after each morphing operation is applied as well as during interactive morphing.

none

Do not apply rotation to any clusters.

tilt

Rotate planar clusters to match the movement of the surrounding mesh but only in out-of-plane directions. Clusters whose nodes do not lie in a plane will undergo full rotation.

spin

Rotate planar clusters to match the movement of the surrounding mesh but only in-plane. Clusters whose nodes do not lie in a plane will undergo full rotation.

full

Rotate all clusters in all planes to match the movement of the surrounding mesh.

use doms/mvols

Treat cluster domains as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster. All connectors and equations will be allowed to be stretched by morph volumes and domains.

all as clusters

Treat all connectors, cluster domains, and equations as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster.

Note: The morphing of clusters will affect all elements touching the clusters whether they were moved or not.

all stretchable

Treat all connectors as stretchable, meaning that nodes on the interior of the connector may perturb due to the influences of the nodes on the exterior. Unlike clusters, the morphing of stretchable connectors will not affect the elements touching the connectors. Only the connectors and cluster domains are affected. All equations and cluster domains will be treated as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster.

morph by type

Treat rigid type connectors, such as spotwelds and bolts, cluster domains, and equations as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster. Flexible type connectors, such as seams and area connectors, will be treated as stretchable.

fix equations

Treat all cluster domains and equations as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster. All connectors will be allowed to be stretched by morph volumes and domains.

free equations

Treat all cluster domains and rigid type connectors as rigid bodies, meaning that any morphing which affects at least one node on any cluster will be averaged and applied to all nodes in the cluster. All equations and flexible type connectors will be allowed to be stretched by morph volumes and domains.

direct

Global handles directly affect each node.

Note: Straight edges in the mesh may become curved and circular holes can become warped while morphing with the direct method.

hierarchical

Global handles affect the local handles whose nodes lie in the global domain or are registered to a morph volume, and they in turn affect the nodes within their domains.

Note: This method preserves straight edges and circular holes since their shapes are governed by the local domains and handles.

Nodes outside of local domains are unaffected by global handles, which may result in mesh distortion between elements that are inside local domains and elements that are not. This problem can be alleviated by using the mixed method.

mixed

The hierarchical method will apply for all the nodes in local domains and the direct method will apply to all other nodes.

spatial

The fastest method for generating global influences based on a spatial formulation for the entire model.

kriging

Use the kriging algorithm to solve for the perturbations of the nodes affected by the perturbation of global handles. This algorithm generally gives the best results of the three in terms of element quality but can be slow for large number of nodes and handles. A practical upper limit on the number of handles you should have in a global domain when using kriging is 3000. Computers with above average memory and CPU available may be able to support a larger number of handles comfortably.

geometric

Can be slow for large models or large numbers (30-plus) of global handles, but may produce more desirable influences.

clear

Remove the specified morphs from the list, but do not undo them if they are applied.

Note: Clearing morphs that are applied to the model will be a permanent change in that they can no longer be undone.

compress

Combine the specified morphs into a single morph. One undo or redo will apply or unapply the combined morphs. Once compressed, morphs may not be uncompressed.

unlabeled switch

Select which morphs will be cleared or compressed.

all

Affects all of the morphs on the morph list whether they are applied or not.

applied

Affects only those morphs on the list which are currently applied to the model, such as when you morph a mesh and do not click undo.

unapplied

Affects only those morphs on the list which are not currently applied to the model, such as when you morph a mesh and then click undo.

save morphs with file

Save any morphs on the undo/redo list in the model file along with the morphs that have been applied to the model. When the model is reloaded into HyperWorks the undo/redo list will be restored and you will be able to undo and redo the morphs on the list in the same way that you could when you saved the file. If the model was saved with morphs already applied to the model, you will be able to undo them after reloading the model to get back to the original shape.

This option transforms the perturbations passed from handles to nodes using the selected morphing system. For rectangular systems this has no effect, but for cylindrical and spherical systems handle movements in the radial, theta, and so on, directions will be applied to influenced nodes in the radial, theta, and so on, direction. Thus, when you move a handle radially, the nodes which it influences will move radially as well instead of simply following the handle. This option is similar to the use system for nodes option for along xyz in the Morph panel, but it applies to all morphing operations.

In Figure 1, notice how the morphing differs after moving a handle on the outer edge domain. When using a global system, the nodes on the edge domain are given the same x-y-z perturbations as the handle. When using a cylindrical system, the movement of the handle is converted into r-theta-z components which are then applied to each node on the edge domain in a relative fashion. Thus, the radial morphing of the handle results in the radial morphing of the edge domain.

Figure 1.

Linear Static and Stamping 1-step solvers

Solve and display the results in HyperWorks.

For the Stamping 1-step solver you may also set the stamping direction to be either along a vector or equal to the result of the averaged normals for all of the elements. You must also set the template in the global panel (not the Global subpanel of Morph Options) to "hfsolver" to use this solver.

Nonlinear Explicit and Stamping incremental solvers

Only solve for the results.

To display the results you will need to use another HyperWorks tool such as HyperView Player.

manual

Solve for and display FEA results only when you enter this subpanel and click solve.

on release

Solve for and display FEA results after every morphing operation and after you release the mouse button during interactive morphing.

real time

Solve for and display FEA results after every morphing operation and as you are dragging the mouse during interactive morphing.

off

Turn interactive FEA results off.

Select whether to display the total magnitude or the X, Y, Z components of the results.

Click prev and next to look through the available simulations and data types.

Select whether to let the software determine the maximum result, or specify the maximum result that is relevant to your task.

Select whether to let the software determine the minimum result, or specify the minimum result that is relevant to your task.

Display an informational title in the modeling window.

Select the color that the results mesh is drawn.

Display text/number titles for the minimum and maximum results in the modeling window.

Click prev and next to look through the available simulations and data types.

Exponential

Use a straightforward exponential function (higher bias results in more influence).

Figure 2.

Sinusoidal

Determine node movements using a sine-cosine function. The exact effect varies depending on the bias value chosen for a handle.

• If the bias is less than 1.0, sinusoidal biasing functions just like exponential biasing.
• For bias values from 1.0 and 2.0, the circular or elliptical complement is calculated. When used at a value of 0.5 in conjunction with a neighboring handle with a bias factor of 0.5 the resulting curvature is perfectly circular or elliptical depending on the morph. For values below 2.0 a linear distribution is mixed in which will be completely linear for a value of 1.0.
• For bias values higher than 2.0, a bias value of 3.0 between neighboring handles yields one-half cycle of a sine function. A bias value of 4.0 yields one-and-a-half cycles of a sine function. Each additional 1.0 added to the bias at either end adds another cycle to the sine function. Bias values that are fractions will follow the curvature of the next highest whole number in terms of cycles and will be mixed with a linear component which is more pronounced as the bias value gets lower (for example, a bias factor of 3.1 is an almost linear mixture of a bias of 4.0 and 1.0).

Figure 3.