nanoFluidX is a software to simulate single- and multi-phase flows based on the Lagrangian Particle Method "Smoothed Particle
Hydrodynamics" (SPH) and is developed and maintained by Altair Engineering.
The backward-facing step in a streamwise periodic channel as shown in Figure 1 is based on the
geometry given by Issa. 2 The step height is S = 4.9 mm. A constant bulk
velocity UB = 0.14 m/s is forced by a constant volume force chosen as F =
0.4 m/s2. The dynamic viscosity of the fluid is 1.456e-5
kg/m/s, with a density of 1 kg/m3. With the hydraulic diameter D =
2*H1 of the channel above the step the Reynolds-Number of the flow is
Re = 100.
Numerical Setup
Two particle resolutions are simulated, with a cutoff length rc°=°0.2*S
for the coarser and rc°=°0.1*S for the finer resolution. For the initial
particle configuration, the particles are distributed on a Cartesian grid. The walls
boundary conditions are imposed according to the methodology described by Adami et
al. 1
Results
In Figure 2 the flow in
the recirculation region behind the step is visualized with emphasis on the
recirculation bubble.
The velocity profiles at the positions P1 to P4 (see Figure 1) are shown in
Figure 3. Both
simulations show very good agreement with the reference profiles by Issa. 2
1 S. Adami, H. Hu and N. Adams, "A generalized wall
boundary condition for smoothed particle hydrodynamics," Journal of
Computational Physics, vol. 231, pp. 7057-7075, 2012.
2 R. Issa, Numerical assessment of smoothed
particle hydrodynamics gridless method for incompressible flows and its
extension to turbulent flows, PhD Thesis: University of Manchester,
2005.
3 S. Adami, X. Hu and N. Adams, "A
transport-velocity formulation for smoothed particle hydrodynamics," Journal
of Computational Physics, vol. 241, pp. 292-307, 2013.