GENEL

Format

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Definitions

Comments

1. GIi/CIi and KZmn are required inputs. Either K or Z must be specified, but not both.
2. UD, K, Z, and S, may be specified in any order as demonstrated in the third example.
3. UD and S are optional inputs. S defines the motion between the GIi/CIi and GDj/CDj degrees-of-freedom according to:(1)
   $$\left\{u_i\right\}=\left[S\right]\left\{u_d\right\}$$

   But if S is specified, then GDj/CDj must also be specified. If S is not specified, then GDj/CDj may contain six and only six degrees-of- freedom and they cannot refer to SPOINTs.

4. If only K or Z is input without UD, then it is recommended that the resulting stiffness represents the unsupported element, containing all of the rigid body modes. If not, the UD option allows for the reintroduction of the rigid body modes with S which is provided by you or computed internally.
   • a) If $K$ and UD are specified, the program will form the complete stiffness as defined by:(2)
     $$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{F}_i\\ F_d\end{array}\right\}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}K& –K\hspace{0.17em}S\\ –S^{T}K& –S^{T}K\hspace{0.17em}S\end{array}\right]\hspace{0.17em}\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_i\\ u_d\end{array}\right\}$$

     Where, the $K$ matrix is formed from the KZmn values and the S matrix is formed from the Sij values or computed automatically.

   • b) If Z and UD are specified, then the program will form the complete stiffness as defined by: (3)
     $$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{F}_i\\ F_d\end{array}\right\}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{Z}^{-1}& –Z^{-1}\hspace{0.17em}S\\ –S^T{Z}^{-1}& –S^T{Z}^{-1}\hspace{0.17em}S\end{array}\right]\hspace{0.17em}\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_i\\ u_d\end{array}\right\}$$

     Where, the Z matrix is formed from the KZmn values and the S matrix is formed from the Sij values or computed automatically. Z must be nonsingular.

5. PARAM, CK3 may be used to scale the stiffness produced by all GENEL elements.
6. All lower triangular values in K and Z and all values in S have to be accounted for in the input. Zero values may be specified as 0.0 or be left blank, however if all entries in any continuation line are zero, then at least one visible character must appear on this line (it can be 0.0 in any field or the plus sign (+) in the first column) because blank lines are treated as comment. Unused fields (after the last matrix entry) must be blank.
7. General elements are ignored in heat transfer analysis.